∫ (c+d sec(e+fx))2 ____________________________

3.173 \(\int \frac {(c+d \sec (e+f x))^2}{(a+a \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}} \, dx\)

Optimal. Leaf size=290 \[ -\frac {\sqrt {2} \left (c^2-d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a}}\right )}{\sqrt {a} f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}+\frac {2 c^2 \tan (e+f x) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {a}}\right )}{\sqrt {a} f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}-\frac {(c-d)^2 \tan (e+f x)}{2 a f (\sec (e+f x)+1) \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}-\frac {(c-d)^2 \tan (e+f x) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {a} f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}} \]

[Out]

-1/2*(c-d)^2*tan(f*x+e)/a/f/(1+sec(f*x+e))/(a+a*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)+2*c^2*arctanh((a-a*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)/a^(1/2)

)*tan(f*x+e)/f/a^(1/2)/(a-a*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)/(a+a*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)-1/4*(c-d)^2*arctanh(1/2*(a-a*sec(f*x+e))^

(1/2)*2^(1/2)/a^(1/2))*tan(f*x+e)/f*2^(1/2)/a^(1/2)/(a-a*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)/(a+a*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)-(c^2-d^2)*ar

ctanh(1/2*(a-a*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/a^(1/2))*2^(1/2)*tan(f*x+e)/f/a^(1/2)/(a-a*sec(f*x+e))^(1/2)/(a+a*sec

(f*x+e))^(1/2)

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Rubi [A] time = 0.22, antiderivative size = 290, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 10, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 27, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.185, Rules used = {3940, 180, 63, 206, 51} \[ -\frac {\sqrt {2} \left (c^2-d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a}}\right )}{\sqrt {a} f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}+\frac {2 c^2 \tan (e+f x) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {a}}\right )}{\sqrt {a} f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}-\frac {(c-d)^2 \tan (e+f x)}{2 a f (\sec (e+f x)+1) \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}-\frac {(c-d)^2 \tan (e+f x) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {a} f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}} \]

Antiderivative was successfully veriﬁed.

[In]

Int[(c + d*Sec[e + f*x])^2/(a + a*Sec[e + f*x])^(3/2),x]

[Out]

-((c - d)^2*Tan[e + f*x])/(2*a*f*(1 + Sec[e + f*x])*Sqrt[a + a*Sec[e + f*x]]) + (2*c^2*ArcTanh[Sqrt[a - a*Sec[

e + f*x]]/Sqrt[a]]*Tan[e + f*x])/(Sqrt[a]*f*Sqrt[a - a*Sec[e + f*x]]*Sqrt[a + a*Sec[e + f*x]]) - ((c - d)^2*Ar

cTanh[Sqrt[a - a*Sec[e + f*x]]/(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[a])]*Tan[e + f*x])/(2*Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[a]*f*Sqrt[a - a*Sec[e + f*x]]*

Sqrt[a + a*Sec[e + f*x]]) - (Sqrt[2]*(c^2 - d^2)*ArcTanh[Sqrt[a - a*Sec[e + f*x]]/(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[a])]*Tan[e + f

*x])/(Sqrt[a]*f*Sqrt[a - a*Sec[e + f*x]]*Sqrt[a + a*Sec[e + f*x]])

Rule 51

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[((a + b*x)^(m + 1)*(c + d*x)^(n + 1

))/((b*c - a*d)*(m + 1)), x] - Dist[(d*(m + n + 2))/((b*c - a*d)*(m + 1)), Int[(a + b*x)^(m + 1)*(c + d*x)^n,

x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, n}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && LtQ[m, -1] && !(LtQ[n, -1] && (EqQ[a, 0] || (NeQ[

c, 0] && LtQ[m - n, 0] && IntegerQ[n]))) && IntLinearQ[a, b, c, d, m, n, x]

Rule 63

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_), x_Symbol] :> With[{p = Denominator[m]}, Dist[p/b, Sub

st[Int[x^(p*(m + 1) - 1)*(c - (a*d)/b + (d*x^p)/b)^n, x], x, (a + b*x)^(1/p)], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] &

& NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && LtQ[-1, m, 0] && LeQ[-1, n, 0] && LeQ[Denominator[n], Denominator[m]] && IntLinearQ[a,

b, c, d, m, n, x]

Rule 180

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_)*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_))^(p_)*((g_.) + (h_.)*(x_))^(q_), x

_Symbol] :> Int[ExpandIntegrand[(a + b*x)^m*(c + d*x)^n*(e + f*x)^p*(g + h*x)^q, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d,

e, f, g, h, m, n}, x] && IntegersQ[p, q]

Rule 206

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1*ArcTanh[(Rt[-b, 2]*x)/Rt[a, 2]])/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]), x]

/; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b] && (GtQ[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])

Rule 3940

Int[(csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]*(b_.) + (a_))^(m_.)*(csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]*(d_.) + (c_))^(n_.), x_Symbol] :> Di

st[(a^2*Cot[e + f*x])/(f*Sqrt[a + b*Csc[e + f*x]]*Sqrt[a - b*Csc[e + f*x]]), Subst[Int[((a + b*x)^(m - 1/2)*(c

+ d*x)^n)/(x*Sqrt[a - b*x]), x], x, Csc[e + f*x]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, m, n}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d,

0] && EqQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && NeQ[c^2 - d^2, 0] && IntegerQ[m - 1/2]

Rubi steps

\begin {align*} \int \frac {(c+d \sec (e+f x))^2}{(a+a \sec (e+f x))^{3/2}} \, dx &=-\frac {\left (a^2 \tan (e+f x)\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {(c+d x)^2}{x \sqrt {a-a x} (a+a x)^2} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}\\ &=-\frac {\left (a^2 \tan (e+f x)\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \left (\frac {c^2}{a^2 x \sqrt {a-a x}}-\frac {(c-d)^2}{a^2 (1+x)^2 \sqrt {a-a x}}+\frac {-c^2+d^2}{a^2 (1+x) \sqrt {a-a x}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}\\ &=-\frac {\left (c^2 \tan (e+f x)\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x \sqrt {a-a x}} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}+\frac {\left ((c-d)^2 \tan (e+f x)\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{(1+x)^2 \sqrt {a-a x}} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}+\frac {\left (\left (c^2-d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x)\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{(1+x) \sqrt {a-a x}} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}\\ &=-\frac {(c-d)^2 \tan (e+f x)}{2 a f (1+\sec (e+f x)) \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}+\frac {\left (2 c^2 \tan (e+f x)\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-\frac {x^2}{a}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}\right )}{a f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}+\frac {\left ((c-d)^2 \tan (e+f x)\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{(1+x) \sqrt {a-a x}} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{4 f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}-\frac {\left (2 \left (c^2-d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x)\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{2-\frac {x^2}{a}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}\right )}{a f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}\\ &=-\frac {(c-d)^2 \tan (e+f x)}{2 a f (1+\sec (e+f x)) \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}+\frac {2 c^2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {a}}\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a} f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}-\frac {\sqrt {2} \left (c^2-d^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a}}\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a} f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}-\frac {\left ((c-d)^2 \tan (e+f x)\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{2-\frac {x^2}{a}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}\right )}{2 a f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}\\ &=-\frac {(c-d)^2 \tan (e+f x)}{2 a f (1+\sec (e+f x)) \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}+\frac {2 c^2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {a}}\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a} f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}-\frac {(c-d)^2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a}}\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {a} f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}-\frac {\sqrt {2} \left (c^2-d^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a}}\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a} f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}\\ \end {align*}

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Mathematica [C] time = 27.75, size = 16153, normalized size = 55.70 \[ \text {Result too large to show} \]

Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.

[In]

Integrate[(c + d*Sec[e + f*x])^2/(a + a*Sec[e + f*x])^(3/2),x]

[Out]

Result too large to show

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fricas [A] time = 12.90, size = 620, normalized size = 2.14 \[ \left [-\frac {4 \, {\left (c^{2} - 2 \, c d + d^{2}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) \sin \left (f x + e\right ) - \sqrt {2} {\left ({\left (5 \, c^{2} - 2 \, c d - 3 \, d^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 5 \, c^{2} - 2 \, c d - 3 \, d^{2} + 2 \, {\left (5 \, c^{2} - 2 \, c d - 3 \, d^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )} \sqrt {-a} \log \left (\frac {2 \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-a} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) \sin \left (f x + e\right ) + 3 \, a \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 2 \, a \cos \left (f x + e\right ) - a}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 2 \, \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + 1}\right ) + 8 \, {\left (c^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 2 \, c^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + c^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-a} \log \left (\frac {2 \, a \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {-a} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) \sin \left (f x + e\right ) + a \cos \left (f x + e\right ) - a}{\cos \left (f x + e\right ) + 1}\right )}{8 \, {\left (a^{2} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 2 \, a^{2} f \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a^{2} f\right )}}, -\frac {2 \, {\left (c^{2} - 2 \, c d + d^{2}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) \sin \left (f x + e\right ) - \sqrt {2} {\left ({\left (5 \, c^{2} - 2 \, c d - 3 \, d^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 5 \, c^{2} - 2 \, c d - 3 \, d^{2} + 2 \, {\left (5 \, c^{2} - 2 \, c d - 3 \, d^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )} \sqrt {a} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \cos \left (f x + e\right )}{\sqrt {a} \sin \left (f x + e\right )}\right ) + 8 \, {\left (c^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 2 \, c^{2} \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + c^{2}\right )} \sqrt {a} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )}} \cos \left (f x + e\right )}{\sqrt {a} \sin \left (f x + e\right )}\right )}{4 \, {\left (a^{2} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 2 \, a^{2} f \cos \left (f x + e\right ) + a^{2} f\right )}}\right ] \]

Veriﬁcation of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((c+d*sec(f*x+e))^2/(a+a*sec(f*x+e))^(3/2),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

[-1/8*(4*(c^2 - 2*c*d + d^2)*sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e) + a)/cos(f*x + e))*cos(f*x + e)*sin(f*x + e) - sqrt(2)*((5*c

^2 - 2*c*d - 3*d^2)*cos(f*x + e)^2 + 5*c^2 - 2*c*d - 3*d^2 + 2*(5*c^2 - 2*c*d - 3*d^2)*cos(f*x + e))*sqrt(-a)*

log((2*sqrt(2)*sqrt(-a)*sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e) + a)/cos(f*x + e))*cos(f*x + e)*sin(f*x + e) + 3*a*cos(f*x + e)^2

+ 2*a*cos(f*x + e) - a)/(cos(f*x + e)^2 + 2*cos(f*x + e) + 1)) + 8*(c^2*cos(f*x + e)^2 + 2*c^2*cos(f*x + e) +

c^2)*sqrt(-a)*log((2*a*cos(f*x + e)^2 + 2*sqrt(-a)*sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e) + a)/cos(f*x + e))*cos(f*x + e)*sin(f

*x + e) + a*cos(f*x + e) - a)/(cos(f*x + e) + 1)))/(a^2*f*cos(f*x + e)^2 + 2*a^2*f*cos(f*x + e) + a^2*f), -1/4

*(2*(c^2 - 2*c*d + d^2)*sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e) + a)/cos(f*x + e))*cos(f*x + e)*sin(f*x + e) - sqrt(2)*((5*c^2 -

2*c*d - 3*d^2)*cos(f*x + e)^2 + 5*c^2 - 2*c*d - 3*d^2 + 2*(5*c^2 - 2*c*d - 3*d^2)*cos(f*x + e))*sqrt(a)*arctan

(sqrt(2)*sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e) + a)/cos(f*x + e))*cos(f*x + e)/(sqrt(a)*sin(f*x + e))) + 8*(c^2*cos(f*x + e)^2

+ 2*c^2*cos(f*x + e) + c^2)*sqrt(a)*arctan(sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e) + a)/cos(f*x + e))*cos(f*x + e)/(sqrt(a)*sin(f

*x + e))))/(a^2*f*cos(f*x + e)^2 + 2*a^2*f*cos(f*x + e) + a^2*f)]

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giac [F(-2)] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[ \text {Exception raised: TypeError} \]

Veriﬁcation of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((c+d*sec(f*x+e))^2/(a+a*sec(f*x+e))^(3/2),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

Exception raised: TypeError >> An error occurred running a Giac command:INPUT:sage2:=int(sage0,x):;OUTPUT:Unab

le to check sign: (2*pi/x/2)>(-2*pi/x/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/x/2)>(-2*pi/x/2)Unable to check sign: (2*p

i/x/2)>(-2*pi/x/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/x/2)>(-2*pi/x/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/x/2)>(-2*pi/x/2)Unab

le to check sign: (2*pi/x/2)>(-2*pi/x/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/x/2)>(-2*pi/x/2)Unable to check sign: (2*p

i/x/2)>(-2*pi/x/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/x/2)>(-2*pi/x/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/x/2)>(-2*pi/x/2)Unab

le to check sign: (2*pi/x/2)>(-2*pi/x/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/x/2)>(-2*pi/x/2)Unable to check sign: (2*p

i/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign

: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to chec

k sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Warning,

integration of abs or sign assumes constant sign by intervals (correct if the argument is real):Check [abs(co

s(f*t_nostep+exp(1)))]Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_

nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2

*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check si

gn: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to ch

eck sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable

to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)

Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nos

tep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi

/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>

(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nost

ep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (2*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-2*pi/t_nostep/2)Warning, assuming -2*a+a is

positive. Hint: run assume to make assumptions on a variableWarning, assuming -2*a+a is positive. Hint: run as

sume to make assumptions on a variableWarning, assuming -2*a+a is positive. Hint: run assume to make assumptio

ns on a variableWarning, assuming -2*a+a is positive. Hint: run assume to make assumptions on a variableUnable

to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)

Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nos

tep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi

/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>

(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nost

ep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/

t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign:

(4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check

sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to

check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unab

le to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/

2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_n

ostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*

pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2

)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_no

step/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*p

i/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign

: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to chec

k sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable t

o check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Un

able to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_noste

p/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t

_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-

4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep

/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_

nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4

*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check si

gn: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to ch

eck sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable to check sign: (4*pi/t_nostep/2)>(-4*pi/t_nostep/2)Unable